Current Science

Vanita Uppada ¹, Sumit Bhaduri ², Santosh B. Noronha ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, IN
3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, IN

Abstract

Biocatalysis has made tremendous advances in the field of synthesis of industrially important products and intermediates. Cofactors are an important part of many enzymes which are involved in biocatalysis. These cofactors are expensive and stoichiometric additions are not economically feasible. This necessitates the in situ cofactor regeneration in biocatalytic processes. Various methods of regeneration of NAD(H)/NADP(H), an important class of cofactors, have been reviewed in this article. We discuss their salient features, suitability for current bioprocesses, drawbacks and scope of improvement.

Keywords

Biocatalysis, Biotransformation, Cofactor Regeneration, Enzymes.

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Vanita Uppada ¹, Santosh B. Noronha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, IN
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, IN

Abstract

Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are fermentative enzymes involved in the inter-conversion of acetaldehyde and ethanol; they are present in multiple copies in Crabtree-positive yeasts. Some have a very narrow substrate range such as acetaldehyde and ethanol, others have a broader substrate range which includes medium and long chain aldehydes and alcohols. They have also been reported in Crabtree-negative yeasts such as Kluyveromyces lactis, Scheffersomyces stipitis, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Ogataea angusta, Komagataella (Pichia) pastoris, etc.

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